Basic Library
Digital I/O
Analog I/O
Advanced I/O
Time
Math
Trigonometry
Random Numbers
Bits and Bytes
Interrupts
Communication
Standard Library
Servo Motor
Stepper
Liquid Crystal
EEPROM
SPI
I2C (Wire)
SD Card
SD Card (File Control)
Ethernet
Ethernet (Server)
Ethernet (Client)
Firmata
Periodic Operation
Power Save
Clock (RTC)
SoftwareSerial
Utility
Advanced I/O (Tone Output and Shift I/O etc.)
This library is used to generate a square wave, input/output serial data and read a pulse.
tone
- Description
- Generates a square wave of the specified frequency (and 50% duty cycle) on a pin. This is useful for playing sounds with a buzzer.
- Syntax
- tone(int pin, int frequency, int duration)
- Parameters
- pin: The pin on which to generate the tone
frequency: The frequency of the tone [Hz]
duration: The duration of the tone in milliseconds (optional) - Returns
- Nothing
noTone
- Description
- Stops the generation of a square wave triggered by tone(). If you want to play different pitches on multiple pins, you need to call noTone() on one pin before calling tone() on the next pin.
- Syntax
- noTone(int pin)
- Parameters
- pin: The pin on which to stop generating the tone
- Returns
- Nothing
shiftOut
- Description
- Shifts out a byte of data one bit at a time. Starts from either the most (the leftmost) or least (the rightmost) significant bit. Each bit is written in turn to a data pin, after which a clock pin is pulsed (taken high, then low) to indicate that the bit is available. This is a software implementation; see also the SPI library, which provides a hardware implementation that is faster but works only on specific pins.
- Syntax
- shiftOut(int dataPin, int clockPin, bitOrder, unsigned char value)
- Parameters
- dataPin: The pin on which to output each bit
clockPin: The pin to toggle once the dataPin has been set to the correct value
bitOrder: Which order to shift out the bits; either MSBFIRST or LSBFIRST.
value: The data to shift out.(8-bit data) - Returns
- Nothing
shiftIn
- Description
- Shifts in a byte of data one bit at a time. Starts from either the most (the leftmost) or least (the rightmost) significant bit. For each bit, the clock pin is pulled high, the next bit is read from the data line, and then the clock pin is taken low. This is a software implementation.
- Syntax
- unsigned char shiftIn(unsigned char dataPin, unsigned char clockPin, bitOrder)
- Parameters
- dataPin: The pin on which to input each bit
clockPin: The pin to toggle to signal a read from the dataPin
bitOrder: Which order to shift in the bits; either MSBFIRST or LSBFIRST - Returns
- The value read (8-bit data)
shiftOutEx
- Description
- Shifts out multiple bytes (up to 32 bits) of data one bit at a time. Starts from either the most (the leftmost) or least (the rightmost) significant bit. Each bit is written in turn to a data pin, after which a clock pin is pulsed (taken high, then low) to indicate that the bit is available. This is a software implementation.
- Syntax
- shiftOutEx(int dataPin,int clockPin, bitOrder, int len, unsigned long value)
- Parameters
- dataPin: The pin on which to output each bit
clockPin: The pin to toggle once the dataPin has been set to the correct value
bitOrder: Which order to shift out the bits; either MSBFIRST or LSBFIRST
len: Number of output bits
value: The data to shift out (32 bits or lesser. In the case of MSBFIRST, the most significant bit should be filled.) - Returns
- Nothing
pulseIn
- Description
- Reads a pulse (either HIGH or LOW) on a pin. For example, if the value is HIGH, pulseIn() waits for the pin to go HIGH, starts timing, then waits for the pin to go LOW and stops timing. Returns the length of the pulse in microseconds. Gives up and returns 0 if no pulse starts within a specified time out.
- Syntax
- unsigned long pulseIn(int pin, int val, unsigned long timeout)
- Parameters
- pin: The number of the pin on which you want to read the pulse
val: Type of pulse to read: either HIGH or LOW
timeout: The number of microseconds to wait for the pulse to start; default is one second (option) - Returns
- The length of the pulse (in microseconds) or 0 if no pulse started before the timeout
Example
Melody using tone.
#include <Arduino.h>
void setup(){
}
void loop(){
tone(3, 523); // C4
delay(200);
noTone(3);
tone(3, 587); // D4
delay(200);
noTone(3);
tone(3, 659); // E4
delay(400);
noTone(3);
}