Select by Motor Control Algorithms

Types of algorithm

Motor Control Algorithms

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Wheel chart of 4 types of motor algorithms

 

The field of motor control has undergone rapid expansion due mainly to the advantages of semiconductors in both power and signal electronics and the processing capability of micro-electronic microprocessors and DSPs. These technological improvements have enabled the development of really effective drive control with ever lower power dissipation hardware and ever more accurate control structures. The electrical drive controls have become more accurate in the sense that not only are the DC current and voltage controlled but also the three-phase currents and voltages are managed by the combined use of MCU and software algorithms.

Suggested Renesas MCUs

 Control MethodsMCU RequirementsSuggested MCUs
RL78 FamilyRX FamilyRH850 FamilyRZ/T1 Group
Universal / DC Motor ControlTRIAC ControlGPIO, Timers, Interrupts, A/D Channels   
PWM Chopper ControlPWM Channel, Timers, A/D Channels   
BLDC Motor ControlTrapezoidal Drive ControlInput Capture, Interrupt, PWM Timer for Three-Phase motor control   
Sinusoidal Drive ControlInput Capture, Interrupt, PWM Timer for Three-Phase motor control  
Simplified Vector ControlInput Capture, Interrupt, PWM Timer with Deadtime for Three-Phase motor control 
Vector Control(FOC)High-Performance MCU+MAC、High-Speed A/D Converter, Input Capture, Interrupt, PWM Timer with Deadtime for Three-Phase motor control 
Sensorless Trapezoidal Drive ControlInput Capture, High-Speed A/D Converter, Interrupt, PWM Timer for Three-Phase motor control   
Sensorless Vector ControlHigh-Performance MCU+MAC、 High-Speed A/D Converter, Interrupt, PWM Timer with Deadtime for Three-Phase motor control 
AC Motor ControlV/F ControlInput Capture, Interrupt, PWM Timer for Three-Phase motor control   
Simplified Vector ControlInput Capture, Interrupt, PWM Timer with Deadtime for Three-Phase motor control 
Vector Control(FOC)High-Performance MCU + MAC, High-Speed A/D Converter, Input Capture, Interrupt, PWM Timer with Deadtime for Three-Phase motor control 
Sensorless Vector ControlHigh-Performance MCU + MAC, High-Speed A/D Converter, Interrupt, PWM Timer with Deadtime for Three-Phase motor control 

Comparison of Different Motor Control Algorithms

The table below capture the salient characteristics of the most prevalent motor control algorithms

Motor Control Algorithm Comparison

Control AlgorithmMotor TypeTorque ControllabilityFeedback SensorsMCU Processing Requirements
TRIAC ControlUniversal / DCNo Torque ControlNot RequiredNot Required
PWM Chopper ControlUniversal / DCNo Torque ControlNot Required8 bit
V/F ControlACPoor Dynamic Torque ControlNot Required8-16 bit
Trapezoidal Drive ControlBLDCHigh-Harmonic Loss, High-Torque RippleHall Sensor8-16 bit
Sinusoidal Drive ControlBLDC, ACLow-Harmonic Loss, Low-Torque RippleHall Sensor, Encoder16-32 bit
Simplified Vector ControlBLDC, ACLow-Harmonic Loss, Low-Torque RippleHall Sensor, Encoder16-32 bit
Vector ControlBLDC, ACLow-Harmonic Loss, Low-Torque RippleHall Sensor, Encoder32 bit
Sensorless Trapezoidal Drive ControlBLDCHigh-Harmonic Loss, High-Torque RippleNot Required (Back-EMF)16 bit
Sensorless Vector ControlBLDC, ACLow-Harmonic Loss, Low-Torque RippleNot Required32 bit

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